National Epidemology

<body topmargin=0 leftmargin=0 marginheight=0 marginwidth=0> <table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 border=0><tr> <td valign="top" colspan=2 height=82 BGCOLOR="#006699" TEXT="#080000" bgproperties="fixed" background="05bfd523.jpg"> <div> <FONT SIZE="5" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" ><B>Cape Fear Regional Bureau For Community Action, Inc.</B></FONT><B>     |     </B><A HREF="index.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Cape Fear Regional Bureau For Community "><U><B>home</B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="index.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Cape Fear Regional Bureau For Community "><U><B><IMG SRC="04e0e0e0.png" border=0 width="14" height="14" ALT="up" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></B></U></A><B>  </B><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="14" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" WIDTH="14"><B>    </B><A HREF="id57.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="State Epidemiology"><U><B><IMG SRC="04d0e0e0.png" border=0 width="14" height="14" ALT="previous" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></B></U></A><B>  </B><A HREF="id59.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Statewide Community Planning Group"><U><B><IMG SRC="04f0e0e0.png" border=0 width="14" height="14" ALT="next" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="http://www.capefearregionalbureauforcommunityactioninc.org/mf.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.capefearregionalbureauforcomm"><U><B>Click Here For Site Map</B></U></A></div> </td> </tr><tr> <td valign="top" width=210 BGCOLOR="#FFCC66" TEXT="#080000" bgproperties="fixed" background="23fd2993.jpg"> <div> <IMG SRC="0b1b6710.png" border=0 width="182" height="113" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <bR> <div> <B>Adobe Acrobat (TM) Reader v5.0 or higher needs to be installed on your computer </B></div> <div> <B>in order to be able to read the slides in Adobe PDF (Portable Document Format).</B></div> <div> <A HREF="http://www.adobe.com/" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.adobe.com/"><U><B><U>Download the Adobe Acrobat (TM) Reader</U></B></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="http://www.adobe.com/" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.adobe.com/"><U><B> </B></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> </td> <td valign="top" height=398 BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" TEXT="#080000"> <div> <I><B>National Epidemology</B></I></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <B>AIDS SURVEILLANCE  EPIDEMIOLOGY PRESENTATIONS</B></div> <div>  <A NAME="national_epidemoloby"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></div> <div> <B>The face of AIDS Epidemiology in the United States is in a constant change.  The following presentation will provide you with a better understanding of these changes over the years.  There are five (5) slide presentations below.  Before each link to the slide presentation is a review of each slides contents contained in each presentation to aid you in understanding the presentation.  The five (5) presentations are  (click on name  of presentation for immediate linkage):</B></div> <bR> <div> <A HREF="#presentation_one" TITLE="National Epidemology"><U><B>AIDS Surveillance -- General Epidemiology</B></U></A></div> <bR> <div> <A HREF="#presentation_two" TITLE="National Epidemology"><U><B>AIDS Surveillance by Race/Ethnicity</B></U></A></div> <bR> <div> <A HREF="#presentation_three" TITLE="National Epidemology"><U><B>AIDS Surveillance in Adolescents</B></U></A></div> <bR> <div> <A HREF="#presentation_four" TITLE="National Epidemology"><U><B>AIDS Surveillance in Women</B></U></A></div> <bR> <div> <A HREF="#presentation_five" TITLE="National Epidemology"><U><B>Areas Reporting Most Cases</B></U></A></div> <bR> <div> <A HREF="#u_s__hiv_and_aids_cases_reported" TITLE="National Epidemology"><U><B>U.S. HIV and AIDS Cases Reported through December 2001 Year-end Edition Vol. 13, No. 2</B></U></A></div> <bR> <bR> <div> <B>All presentations are available to you in Adobe Portable Document Format (PDF) and Power Point.</B></div> <div> <B>All material on this page is credited to and received from the </B><A HREF="http://www.cdc.gov/" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.cdc.gov/"><U><B>Centers for Disease Control (CDC)</B></U></A><B> in Atlanta, GA</B></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div>  <A NAME="presentation_one"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A><FONT SIZE="4" COLOR="#FF0033" FACE="Arial" ><I><B>PRESENTATION ONE</B></I></FONT></div> <bR> <div> <B>AIDS SURVEILLANCE -- GENERAL EPIDEMIOLOGY consist of twenty--three (23) slides.  Slide One:  </B><B><U>Estimated Incidence of AIDS and Deaths of Adults with AIDS, January 1985 -- June 2002, United States</U></B><B>, has an upper curve that represents estimated AIDS incidence (number of new diagnoses); the lower one represents the estimated number of deaths of adults and adolescents with AIDS.  The Peak in 1993 is due to the expansion of AIDS surveillance case definition implemented in January 1993.  In recent years, both AIDS incidence and deaths among persons with AIDS have declined.  Declines in new AIDS diagnoses and deaths among persons with AIDS are primarily due to the success of highly active antiretroviral therapies introduced in 1996.</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>Slide Two: </B><B><U>AIDS Cases and Deaths, Reported 1981 -- 2000, United States.</U></B><B>  From 1981 through 2000, 774,467 cases of AIDS were reported to CDC.  Among adults and adolescents, 442,882 of the 765,559 (58%) persons reported with AIDS have died.  Among the 8, 908 children younger than 13 years reported with AIDS, 5, 178 (58%) have dies.  Slides containing information on leading causes of death in the United States, including HIV infection and AIDS, are available at </B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/graphics/mortalit.htm." TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/graphics/mortalit"><U><B><U>http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/graphics/mortalit.htm.</U></B></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <div> <B>Slide Three: </B><B><U>AIDS Cases by Age and Sex, Reported 1981 -- 2000, United States.</U></B><B>  This slide shows the distribution of AIDS cases by age at diagnosis and sex.  Since 1981, 774,467 cases of AIDS have been reported to CDC; 83% were in men and 17% in women.  In men, most cases were diagnosed between the ages of 30 -- 55 years; in women, between the ages of 30 -- 45.  At the time of diagnosis, 45% of women with AIDS were in their 30s; and 16% of men and 21% of women had AIDS diagnosed while in their 20s.</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>Slide Four:  </B><B><U>Estimated Number of Adults/Adolescents Living with AIDS, 1993 -- 2000, By Sex, United States.</U></B><B>  This slide shows increases in the number of people living with AIDS from 1993 through 2000.  The increase is primarily due to the introduction and widespread use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in 1996, which has resulted in delays in the progression of AIDS death.  At the end of 2000, and estimated 338,978 people were living with AIDS; of these, 265,466 were men and 69,725 were women.</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>Slide Five: </B><B><U>Estimated Number of Persons Living with AIDS, 1993 -- 2000, by Race/Ethnicity, United States.</U></B><B>  The estimated number of persons living with AIDS increased from approximately 174,000 at the end of 1993 to approximately 339,000 at the end of 2000.  Increases in the number of persons living with AIDS were observed in racial/ethnic groups, including Asian/Pacific Islanders and American Indian/Alaska Natives.  These latter two groups are represented on a different scale on Slide 6.  At the end of 1997, the number of non-Hispanic blacks exceeded that of non-Hispanic whites living with AIDS.</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>Slide Six:  </B><B><U>Estimated Number of Asian/Pacific Islanders and American Indian/Alaska Natives, Living with AIDS, 1993 -- 2000, United States.</U></B><B>  The estimated number of Asian/Pacific Islanders and American Indian/Alaska Natives living with AIDS are shown on the previous slide with the other racial/ethnic groups and separately on this slide with a different scale for the y-axis.  From the end of 1993 through 2000, the number of Asian/Pacific Islanders living with AIDS increased from approximately 1, 300 to 2, 840, and the number of American Indian/Alaska Natives living with AIDS increased from approximately 570 to 1, 185.  Slides containing more information on HIV and AIDS in racial and ethnic minorities are available at</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/graphics/minority.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/graphics/minority"><U><B><U> http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/graphics/minority.htm</U></B></U></A></FONT><B><U>.</U></B></div> <bR> <div> <B>Slide Seven:  </B><B><U>Estimated Number of Persons Living with AIDS, 1993 -- 2000, By Region, United States.</U></B><B>  The estimated number of persons living with AIDS in each region of the United States increased from 1993 through 2000.  The increase is primarily due to the introduction and widespread use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in 1996, which has resulted in delays in the progression of AIDS to death.  In 2000, an estimated 128,740 (38%) persons living with AIDS resided in the South, 101,209 (30%) resided in the Northeast, 66,340 (20%) resided in the West, 32, 816 (10%) resided in the Midwest, and 9,873 (3%) resided in the U.S. dependencies, possessions, and associated nations.</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>Slide Eight:  </B><B><U>Proportion of AIDS Cases, by Race/Ethnicity and Year of Report, 1985 -- 2000, United States.</U></B><B>  The proportional distribution of AIDS cases among  racial/ethnic groups has changed since the beginning of the epidemic.  The proportion of cases newly reported among non-Hispanic whites has decreased, while it has increased among non-Hispanic blacks and Hispanics.  The proportion of cases reported among Asian/Pacific Islanders and American Indian/Alaska Natives has remained relatively constant at approximately 1% of all cases.  Of persons reported with AIDS in 2000, 47% were non-Hispanic black, 32% were non-Hispanic white, 19% were Hispanic, 1% were Asian/Pacific Islander, and less than 1% were American Indian/Alaska Native.  Slides containing more information on HIV and AIDS in racial and ethnic minorities are available at </B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/graphics/minority.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/graphics/minority"><U><B><U>http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/graphics/minority.htm</U></B></U></A></FONT><B>.</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>Slide Nine:  </B><B><U>Proportion  of Estimated Adult/Adolescent AIDS Cases, by Exposure Category and Year of Diagnosis, 1985 -- 2000, United States.</U></B><B>  The data on this slide are estimates based on AIDS cases reported to CDC, statistically adjusted for reporting delays and the redistribution of cases initially reported without risk.  The proportional distribution of AIDS cases by exposure category has shifted since the beginning of the epidemic.  Whereas in 1985, men who have sex with men (MSM) accounted for the greatest proportion of diagnosed AIDS cases, the proportion has decreased from nearly 65% of cases diagnosed in 1985 to approximately 40% of cases diagnosed in 2000.  The proportion of estimated AIDS cases attributed to injection drug use increased between 1985 and 1994, then remained stable or declined, accounting for approximately 27% of diagnosed cases in 2000.  The proportion of attributed to heterosexual transmission was 27% in 2000.  The remaining cases comprised those attributed to hemophilia the receipt of blood or blood products, and those without an identified risk exposure.</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>Slide Ten:  </B><B><U>Estimated AIDS Incidence among Adults/Adolescents, Diagnosed in 2000, By Sex and Exposure Category, United States.</U></B><B>  These pie charts show the distribution of exposure categories for AIDS cases diagnosed in 2000.  These data have been adjusted for reporting delays, and the exposure category for cases initially reported without risk has been statistically redistributed.  Of AIDS cases diagnosed in 2000 men, over half were estimated to be in men who have sex with men and other 25% injection drug users.  An estimated 14% of cases in men were attributed to heterosexual contact.  The majority (64%) of AIDS cases diagnosed in women in 2000 were attributed to heterosexual contact.  One-third of AIDS cases diagnosed in women in 2000 were attributed to injection drug use.</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>Slide Eleven:  </B><B><U>AIDS Rates per 100,000 Population, Reported in 2000.</U></B><B>  For cases reported in 2000, AIDS rates (cases per 1000,000 population) are shown for each state, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, and Guam.  Areas with the highest rates in 2000 were Washington, DC, Puerto Rico, New or, and Florida.  Other northeastern and southern states also have relatively high rates of reported AIDS cases.  Every state reported some AIDS cases in 2000.</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>Slide Twelve:  </B><B><U>AIDS Cases Reported in 2000 and Estimated 2000 Population, By Race/Ethnicity, United States.</U></B><B>  The pie chart on the left illustrates the distribution of AIDS reported  in 2000 among racial/ethnic groups.  The pie chart on the right shows the distribution of the U.S. population (including Puerto Rico and U.S. territories) in 2000.  Non-Hispanic blacks and Hispanics are disproportionately affected by the AIDS epidemic in comparison with their proportional distribution in the general population.  In 2000, non-Hispanic blacks made up 12% of the population but accounted for 47% of reported AIDS cases.  Hispanics made up 13% of the population but accounted for 19% of reported AIDS cases.  Non-Hispanic whites made up 71% of the U.S. population but accounted for 32% of reported AIDS cases.  More information on the HIV/AIDS epidemic and HIV prevention among blacks and Hispanics is available in a CDC fact sheet at </B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/pubs/facts.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/pubs/facts.htm"><U><B><U>http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/pubs/facts.htm</U></B></U></A></FONT><B>.</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>Slide Thirteen:  </B><B><U>AIDS Cases in Adult/Adolescent: Men by Race/Ethnicity Per 100,00 Population, Reported in 2000, United States.</U></B><B>  In men, the number of AIDS cases reported in 2000 was similar for non-Hispanic blacks and whites, but the rate (cases per 100,000 population) for non-Hispanics blacks (107) was more than 7 times higher than for non-Hispanic whites (14).  Move than 6,000 Hispanic men were reported with AIDS, with a rate of 47 cases per 100,000 population in 2000.  Relatively few cases were reported for Asian/Pacific Islander and American Indian/Alaska Native men (17) was higher than that reported for non-Hispanic white men.</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>Slide Fourteen:  </B><B><U>AIDS Cases in Adult/Adolescent Women by Race/Ethnicity Per 100,000 Population, Reported in 2000, United States.</U></B><B>  Among women, the rate (AIDS cases per 1000,000 population) for black non-Hispanic women (46) was 23 times higher than that for white non-Hispanic women (2).  Approximately 1, 800 cases were reported among both white non-Hispanic and Hispanic women, but the rate for Hispanic women (14) was 7 times higher than for the white non-Hispanic women.  Relatively few cases, were reported among Asian/Pacific Islander and American Indian/Alaska Native women.</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>Slide Fifteen:  </B><B><U>AIDS Cases by Region and Size of Place of Residence, Reported in 2000, United States.</U></B><B>  In 2000, most AIDS cases were reported from the South or the Northeast.  Within each region, most cases were reported from large metropolitan areas (with populations grater than 500,000).  States in the Midwest, and the South reported the largest proportion of cases from smaller metropolitan areas (with populations between 50,000 and 5000,00).  In 2000, the South was the region with the largest proportion of reported AIDS cases for nonmetropolitan areas.</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>Slide Sixteen:  </B><B><U>Estimated Adult/Adolescent AIDS Cases Diagnosed in 2000, By exposure Category, United States.</U></B><B>  This slide shows the estimated distribution of exposure categories among AIDS cases diagnosed in 2000 in the United States.  Approximately 40% of the estimated 40,106 AIDS cases diagnosed in adults in 2000 were in men who have sex with men (MSM).  An additional 4% of cases were attributed to MSM who also inject drugs.  Injection drug use accounted for 27% of cases.  Exposure to HIV through heterosexual contact also accounted for 27% of reported cases.</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>Slide Seventeen:  </B><B><U>AIDS Cases Associated with Injection Drug Use, by Exposure Category, Reported in 2000, United States.</U></B><B>  Over 11,000 AIDS cases reported in 2000 were associated with injection drug use. Over 86% of cases associated with injection drug use reported in 2000 were in persons who inject drugs.  Approximately 13% of cases associated with injection drug use were in heterosexual partners of an injection drug user, and an additional 1% were in perinatally infected children whose mothers were injection drug users or sex partners of an injection drug user.</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>Slide Eighteen:  </B><B><U>AIDS Cases Associated wit Injection Drug Use and Rate per 100,000 Population, By Race/Ethnicity, Reported in 2000, United States.</U></B><B>  In 2000, over 11,000 reported AIDS cases were associated with injection drug use.  This includes persons who were injection drug users, sexual contacts of an injection drug user or born to a mother who was an injection drug user or a sex partner of an injection drug user.  Approximately half of the cases associated with injection drug use were in non-Hispanic blacks; the rate (cases per 100,000 population) in non-Hispanic blacks was 18.  Most of the remaining cases were in non-Hispanics, although the rate in Hispanics (8) was higher than the rate in non-Hispanic whites (1).  The rate in American Indian/Alaska Natives was 9, although the number of cases was relatively small.  Both the number of cases and the rate (0.3) in Asian/Pacific Islanders was low.</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>Slide Nineteen:  </B><B><U>AIDS Cases in Children, Reported in 2000.</U></B><B>  In 2000, 196 cases of AIDS were reported in children younger than 13 years of age, a decrease from 263 in 1999.  Most of these cases were perinatally acquired.  New York, California, and Florida reported the largest number of cases, followed by New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Illinois, and Texas.  In 2000, 19 states did not report any pediatric AIDS cases.</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>Slide Twenty:  </B><B><U>Year of Initiation of Confidential HIV Case Surveillance, as of June 2001.</U></B><B>  Because AIDS incidence tends no longer reflect HIV incidence tends (due to effective antiretroviral therapy delaying progression of HIV infection to AIDS), HIV data are needed to meet federal, state, and local needs for monitoring trends and planning.  As of June 2001, 37 areas had implemented confidential name-based HIV case surveillance.  Oregon and Connecticut have implemented HIV case surveillance for pediatric cases only.  Several states had implemented  non-name-based HIV surveillance systems, and others were considering different HIV reporting systems.</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>Slide Twenty-One:  </B><B><U>HIV (not AIDS) Cases, Reported 2000.</U></B><B>  In 2000, 34 U.S. areas (including states, territories, and protectorates) conducted HIV case surveillance and reported cases of HIV infection in adults and children to CDC.  Oregon and Connecticut reported only pediatric HIV cases.  All U.S. areas reported AIDS cases.  In 2000, over 21,000 HIV infection (not AIDS) cases were reported to CDC.  In 2000, Florida, Texas, New Jersey, and North Carolina reported the largest number of HIV infection (not AIDS) cases.</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>Twenty-Two:  </B><B><U>Adolescents 13 - 19 Years of Age Living with HIV Infection and AIDS, Reported through 2000.</U></B><B>  At the end of 2000, more than 1,500 adolescents, 13-19 years old, were living with AIDS in the United States.  In the 34 areas with name-based HIV infection surveillance systems, 1, 953 adolescents were living with HIV, of whom 629 had AIDS.  The HIV data underestimated the total number of adolescents living with HIV in these 34 HIV reporting areas.  Not all adolescents who are infected have been tested and only those who have been tested confidential (rather than anonymously) are represented by these data.</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>Twenty-Three:  </B><B><U>Age at Diagnosis of HIV Infection or AIDS, Reported through 2000, United States.</U></B><B>  HIV (not AIDS) diagnoses occurred more frequently in younger persons than did AIDS diagnoses.  Data from 36 areas that conducted confidential HIV infection surveillance show that at the time of diagnosis, a larger proportion of persons with HIV (not AIDS) diagnosed were younger than 30 (39%) compared with the proportion of persons with AIDS diagnosed (19%).</B></div> <bR> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="http://capefearregionalbureauforcommunityactioninc.org/l178.pdf" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://capefearregionalbureauforcommunit"><U><IMG SRC="0adab650.png" border=0 width="171" height="101" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></U></A></div> <div> <B>Click Camera for PDF CDC Slide Presentation on</B></div> <div> <B>AIDS Surveillance -- General Epidemiology</B></div> <bR> <bR> <div> <A HREF="http://capefearregionalbureauforcommunityactioninc.org/l178.ppt" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://capefearregionalbureauforcommunit"><U><B><IMG SRC="0aeab650.png" border=0 width="171" height="101" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></B></U></A></div> <bR> <div> <B>Click Camera for PowerPoint CDC Slide Presentation on</B></div> <div> <B>AIDS Surveillance -- General Epidemiology</B></div> <bR> <bR> <div>  <A NAME="presentation_two"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A><FONT SIZE="4" COLOR="#FF0033" FACE="Arial" ><I><B>PRESENTATION TWO</B></I></FONT></div> <bR> <div> <B>AIDS SURVEILLANCE BY RACE/ETHNICITY, consist of twelve (12) slides.  Slide One:  </B><B><U>AIDS Cases in racial/ethnic Minorities, January 1986 through June 2000, United States.</U></B><B>  The number of persons diagnosed with AIDS increased each year from 1986 through 1994.  In 1993, the definition of AIDS was expanded and this resulted in an artifactual increase in the number of AIDS cases reported.  Beginning  in 1996, the success of antiretroviral therapies, including protease inhibitors, has helped to reduce the progression to AIDS among persons infected with HIV.  The same incidence pattern has occurred among all racial/ethnic groups. Among minorities, the number of AIDS cases began to decrease  in 1994 as the effect of the 1993 case definition began to wane; however, the proportion of AIDS cases in minorities has continued to increase each year.  In the first half of 2000, an estimated 14, 861 cases of AIDS were diagnosed among minority racial/ethnic groups and this accounted for 70% of all cases of AIDS diagnosed between January and June 2000 in the United States.</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>Slide Two:  </B><B><U>Proportion of AIDS Cases, by Race/Ethnicity and Year of Report, 1985 -- 2000, United States.</U></B><B>  The proportional distribution of AIDS cases among racial/ethnic groups has shifted since the beginning of the epidemic.  The proportion  of cases among whites has decreased over time, while it has increased among blacks and Hispanics.  As of 1996, a greater proportion of cases was reported among blacks than among whites.  The proportion of cases reported among Asian/Pacific Islanders and American Indian/Alaska Natives has remained relatively constant, representing approximately one percent of all cases.  In 2000, 32% of reported AIDS cases were white, 47% were black, 19% Hispanic, 1% Asian/Pacific Islander, and less than 1% American Indian/Alaska Native.</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>Slide Three:  </B><B><U>AIDS in Blacks and Hispanics.</U></B><B>  Blacks and Hispanics account for a disproportionate share of AIDS cases.  Over half of the AIDS cases reported in the United States were among Blacks and Hispanics.  Over threefourths of the women and children reported with AIDS were Black or Hispanic.  In 2000 66% of the 41,960 adult and adolescent AIDS cases reported were among Blacks and Hispanics.</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>Slide Four:  </B><B><U>AIDS Cases in Adults and Adolescents by Exposure Category and Race/Ethnicity, Reported through 2000, United States.</U></B><B>  The majority of adult cases of AIDS reported among whites, Asian/Pacific Islanders, and American Indian/Alaska Natives have been among men who have sex with men (MSM).  Among blacks, injection drug use (IDU) has been the primary mode of exposure to HIV (36%), and among Hispanics, the proportion of adult cases among MSM and IDU were similar.  Over 80,000 cases of AIDS (with a known race/ethnicity) have been attributed to heterosexual contact, 64% of which were among women.  Since the beginning of the epidemic there have been 5, 190 cases of AIDS among persons with hemophilia or coagulation disorders, and 8,777 cases attributed to the receipt of blood transfusions, blood components, or tissue.  These cases have included persons of all racial and ethnic groups.</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>Slide Five:  </B><B><U>AIDS Cases in Adults and Adolescents by Exposure Category and Race/Ethnicity, Reported through 2000, United States.</U></B><B>  The majority of adult cases of AIDS reported among whites, Asian/Pacific Islanders, and American Indian/Alaska Natives have been among men who have sex with men (MSM).  Among blacks, injection drug use (IDU) has been the primary mode of exposure to HIV (36%), and among Hispanics, the proportion of adult cases among MSM and IDU were similar.  Over 80,000 cases of AIDS (with a known race/ethnicity) have been attributed to heterosexual contact, 64% of which were among women.  Since the beginning of the epidemic there have been 5, 190 cases of AIDS among persons with hemophilia or coagulation disorders, and 8,777 cases attributed to the receipt of blood transfusions, blood components, or tissue.  These cases have included persons of all racial and ethnic groups.</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>Slide Six:  </B><B><U>AIDS Cases Reported in 2000 and Estimated 2000 Population, By Race/Ethnicity, United States.</U></B><B>   In 2000, 42, 156 cases of AIDS were reported to CDC.  The distribution of cases among some racial/ethnic groups is disproportional to the distribution of the general population.  Thirty-two percent of the cases were among white persons, whereas 71% of the populations is white.  Forty-seven percent of cases reported were among black persons, yet only 12% of the population is black.  And 19% of cases were Hispanic, compared to 13% of the population.  This is due to either a higher prevalence of behaviors among persons that place one at risk for HIV infection, or a higher prevalence of HIV infection within the minority population, or some combination of these factors.</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>Slide Seven:  </B><B><U>Estimated Percent Distribution of AIDS Cases in Adult/Adolescent Men, by Exposure Category and Race/Ethnicity, Diagnosed through 2000, United States.</U></B><B>  We estimated that over 640,000 cases of AIDS have been diagnosed among adult/adolescent men; approximately one third among black men and 18% among Hispanic men.  Overall, about 60% of men diagnosed with AIDS were men who have sex with men (MSM) and 24% were injection drug users (IDU).  An additional 8% of cases were MSM and IDU.  The distribution of exposure categories varies by racial/ethnic group; among white men 77% of cases are among MSM and 10% are IDU.  Among black men, 42% are MSM and nearly as men (38%) are IDU.  This is similar for Hispanic men, with 46% MSM and 38% IDU.  Among American Indian/Native American men 60% of diagnosed chases are MSM, 17% IDU and 17% MSM and IDU.</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>Slide Eight:  </B><B><U>Estimate AIDS Cases in Adults/Adolescents Women, by Exposure Category and Race/Ethnicity, Diagnosed through 2000, United States.</U></B><B>  Over 130,000 cases of AIDS have been diagnosed among women since the beginning of the epidemic.  Fifty-eight percent of the cases were among black women and 20% among Hispanic women.  HIV infection was attributed to injection drug use (IDU) for 45% of the women diagnosed with AIDS, and 50% to heterosexual contact with either an IDU, a bisexual male, a male with hemophilia, a transfusion recipient with HIV, or an HIV-infected person.  These proportions are similar for white, black and American Indian/Alaska Native women, with each group reporting 43 to 47% of cases among IDU, 46 to 54% attributed to heterosexual contact and 17 to 23% specifically reported heterosexual contact with an IDU.  More cases among Asian/Pacific Island women were attributed to heterosexual contact (62%) and fewer to IDU (20%) than among the other racial/ethnic groups.</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>Slide Nine:  </B><B><U>Adult/Adolescent AIDS Rates per 1000,000 Back Population, Reported through 2000.</U></B><B>  State-specific AIDS rates for blacks range from 26.0 in West Virginia to 164.3 in Florida.  In addition to Florida, rates are highest in states in the northeast that generally have high AIDS counts, such as New York, New Jersey, Maryland, Delaware, and Massachusetts.  The high rate for Washington, DC should be interpreted with caution as other rates presented are for states, and Washington, DC is a city and the rate should be compared with other cities rather than other states.</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>Slide Ten:  </B><B><U>Adult/Adolescent AIDS Rates per 100,00 Hispanic Population, Reported in 2000.</U></B><B>  Rates are highest in the northeastern states and lower in the midwestern states.  These rates should be interpreted with caution, as in many states a relatively high rate is more indicative of a small Hispanic population than a large number of AIDS cases.  New York, Connecticut, Pennsylvania, and Massachusetts have the highest rates.  Rates among Hispanics in states with at least 5 AIDS cases range from 7.1 per 100,000 in Hawaii to 103.8 in Massachusetts.</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>Slide Eleven:  </B><B><U>Adult/Adolescent AIDS Rates per 100,000 White Population, Reported in 2000.</U></B><B>  In 2000, the highest state-specific AIDS rate for whites were in Hawaii, Florida, Nevada and California.  The rates in general, however, are considerably lower than those for blacks or Hispanics, with an overall U.S. rate of 8.1 per 100,000 population, compared with 76.8 for blacks and 41.4 for Hispanics.</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>Slide Twelve:  </B><B><U>AIDS Cases in Adults and Adolescents, by Sex and Race/Ethnicity, Reported in 2000, United States.</U></B><B>  In 2000, 75% of reported AIDS cases were male.  Similar numbers of white and black men were reported with AIDS, and about half as many Hispanic men.  Sixty-three percent of cases among women were black, and nearly equal numbers of white and Hispanic women were reported with AIDS.  Relatively few cases of AIDS were reported among Asian/Pacific Islander and American Indian/Alaska Natives in 2000.</B></div> <bR> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="http://capefearregionalbureauforcommunityactioninc.org/l238.pdf" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://capefearregionalbureauforcommunit"><U><IMG SRC="0afab650.png" border=0 width="171" height="101" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></U></A></div> <div> <B>Click Camera for PDF CDC Slide Presentation on</B></div> <div> <B>AIDS Surveillance by Race/Ethnicity 2000</B></div> <bR> <bR> <div> <A HREF="http://capefearregionalbureauforcommunityactioninc.org/l238.ppt" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://capefearregionalbureauforcommunit"><U><B><IMG SRC="0aeab650.png" border=0 width="171" height="101" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></B></U></A></div> <bR> <div> <B>Click Camera for PowerPoint CDC Slide Presentation on</B></div> <div> <B>AIDS Surveillance by Race/Ethnicity 2000</B></div> <bR> <bR> <div> <I><B> <A NAME="presentation_three"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></I><I><B>PRESENTATION THREE</B></I></div> <bR> <div> <B>AIDS SURVEILLANCE IN ADOLESCENTS consist of nine (9) slides.  SLIDE ONE:  </B><B><U>AIDS in 13 to 19 Year Olds, by Sex and Year of Report, through December 2001, United States.</U></B><B>  As of December 2001, 4,428 adolescents (persons aged 13 - 19 years) have been reported with AIDS.  In earlier years, most reported cases were in men; over time, the male-to-female ratio has decreased.  In 2001, 372 adolescents were reported with AIDS; of these, 195 (52%) were men and 177 (48%) were women. </B></div> <bR> <div> <B>SLIDE TWO:  </B><B><U>AIDS in 20 to 24 Year Olds , by Sex and Year of Report through December 2001, United States.</U></B><B>  As of December 2001, a total of 28, 665 persons aged 20 to 24 years were reported with AIDS; most were men. In 1985, 89% of cases reported in persons 20 to 24 years old were in men.  However, as heterosexual contact has accounted for an increasing proportion of HIV infections, particularly in women, the proportion of cases reported in women has increased.  In 2001, 41% of the 1,461 cases reported were in women.</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>SLIDE THREE:  </B><B><U>AIDS in Adolescents and Adults, by Sex and Age at Diagnosis, Reported in 2001, United States.</U></B><B>  The ratio of men to women with AIDS varies by age at diagnosis.  Of adolescence age 13 to 19 years at AIDS diagnosis, 48% were women; of persons 20 - 24 years of age, 41% were women.  In 2001, most persons 25 years of age and older reported with AIDS were men (75%).</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>SLIDE FOUR:  </B><B><U>Reported HIV in Adolescents and Adults, by Sex and Age at Diagnosis, Reported in 2001, United States.</U></B><B>  Data from HIV infection cases surveillance presented a more complete view of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in the United States than data from AIDS surveillance alone.  In 2001, 37 areas (including Guam, the Virgin Islands, and some Pacific Islands) conducted name-based confidential IV infection surveillance of adults and adolescents.  Similar to the ratio seen with AIDS, the ratio of male to female adolescents and young adults with HIV diagnosed increased with age at diagnosis.  In 2001, women accounted for 56% of the adolescents age 13 to 19 years who were reported with HIV, compared with 40% of young adults aged 20 to 24 years and 30% of persons aged 25 and older.</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>SLIDE FIVE:  </B><B><U>Estimated AIDS Incidence  in Male Adolescents and Young Adults, by Exposure Category, Diagnosed through December 2001, United States.</U></B><B>  Since the beginning of the epidemic, more than 2, 600 adolescent men aged 13 to 19 years and more than 20,000 men aged 20 to 24 years have been reported with AIDS.  In adolescent men with AIDS, 29% had hemophilia and acquired their infection before blood products were heat treated to prevent HIV transmission.  In contrast, 3% of AIDS cases among young adult men were attributed to receipt of blood products for hemophilia.  A majority (64%) of the men in the older age group ere reported as having sex with other men and another 11% were men who were reported as having sex with men and injecting drugs.  Injection drug use is more common among the 20 to 24 year old men reported with AIDS than adolescents with AIDS, but less common than among men over 24 years.  Approximately 7% of AIDS cases among men aged 13 to 24 years were reported with heterosexual contact as their exposure category.</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>SLIDE SIX:  </B><B><U>Estimated AIDS Incidence in Female Adolescents and Young Adults, by Exposure Category, Diagnosed through December 2001, United States.</U></B><B>  Approximately two-thirds of AIDS cases among adolescent and young adult women were attributed to heterosexual contact as the mode of exposure to HIV.  Cases among adolescent women were less likely to be attributed to injection drug use than were cases among older youth (19%) vs. 29% of reported cases).  Compared with women 20 to 24 years of age, more adolescent women were initially reported without a risk for HIV infection.  Some proportion of these cases in both age groups probably is attributable to heterosexual exposure.</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>SLIDE SEVEN:  </B><B><U>AIDS Cases in 13 to 19 Year Olds by race/Ethnicity, United States.</U></B><B>  Black and Hispanic adolescents have been disproportionately affected by the HIV/AIDS epidemic.  In the United States in 2001, 15% of the adolescent population was black, yet 61% of reported AIDS cases in 13 to 19 year olds were in blacks.  Hispanics accounted for 15% of the population, yet 21% of reported AIDS cases in adolescents were in Hispanics.  These patterns will probably continue because recent reports of HIV infection from states that report HIV infection also show that young racial/ethnic minority persons are disproportionately affected by HIV.</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>SLIDE EIGHT:  </B><B><U>HIV Infection and AIDS in 13 to 19 Year Olds.  Reported in 2001.</U></B><B>  In 2001, 372 adolescents nationwide were reported with AIDS and 1, 166 adolescents from the 37 areas that conduct name-based confidential HIV infection surveillance of adults and adolescents were reported with HIV.  In nearly all of the areas with HIV surveillance, the number of adolescents reported with HIV exceeded the number of adolescences reported with AIDS.  Because progression from infection to AIDS takes time, most persons infected with HIV as adolescents are adults before AIDS develops  HIV surveillance data are especially useful for documenting the effect of HIV in adolescents.</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>SLIDE NINE:  </B><B><U>Adolescents 13 - 19 Years of Age Living with HIV Infection and AIDS, reported through 2001.</U></B><B>  At the end of 2001, more than 1, 822 adolescents 13 to 19 years old were known to be living with AIDS in the United States.  From the 37 areas that conduct adult/adolescent name-based HIV infection case surveillance, 1,244 persons aged 13 to 19 years living with AIDS were reported, representing 68% of all adolescents living with AIDS in the United States.  These 37 areas reported an additional 1,926 adolescents living with HIV infection.  The HIV data underestimate the population of infected adolescents, as some states do not report HIV infected persons to CDC, and only persons who have been tested confidentially are reported.</B></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="http://capefearregionalbureauforcommunityactioninc.org/l265.pdf" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://capefearregionalbureauforcommunit"><U><IMG SRC="0aeab650.png" border=0 width="171" height="101" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="ttp://capefearregionalbureauforcommunityactioninc.org/l265.pdf" TARGET="_top" TITLE="ttp://capefearregionalbureauforcommunity"><U><B>Click Camera for PDF CDC Slide Presentation on</B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="ttp://capefearregionalbureauforcommunityactioninc.org/l265.pdf" TARGET="_top" TITLE="ttp://capefearregionalbureauforcommunity"><U><B>AIDS Surveillance in Adolescents 2000</B></U></A></div> <bR> <bR> <div> <A HREF="http://capefearregionalbureauforcommunityactioninc.org/l265.ppt" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://capefearregionalbureauforcommunit"><U><B><IMG SRC="0aeab650.png" border=0 width="171" height="101" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></B></U></A></div> <bR> <div> <B>Click Camera for PowerPoint CDC Slide Presentation on</B></div> <div> <B>AIDS Surveillance in Adolescents 2000</B></div> <bR> <bR> <div>  <A NAME="presentation_four"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A><FONT SIZE="4" COLOR="#FF0033" FACE="Arial" ><I><B>PRESENTATION FOUR</B></I></FONT></div> <bR> <div> <B>AIDS SURVEILLANCE IN WOMEN consist of nine (9) slides.  SLIDE ONE:  </B><B><U>AIDS Incidence for Women and Percentage of AIDS Cases January 1986 through June 2000, United States.</U></B><B>  Women account in a steadily increasing proportion of AIDS cases, representing 26% of cases diagnosed during the first half of 2000.  AIDS incidence in women rose steadily through 1993 when the expanded case definition was implemented, and leveled off about 13, 000 AIDS cases reported among women each year from 1993 through 1996, annual incidence in women began to decline, primarily because of the success of antiretroviral therapies.  Since 1996, an average approximately 10,500 cases of AIDS have been diagnosed in women each year.</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>SLIDE TWO:  </B><B><U>AIDS Cases and Rates in Adult/Adolescent Women by Race/Ethnicity, Reported in 2000, United States.</U></B><B>  Sixty-three percent of women reported with AIDS in 2000 were Black; the rate was 46 per 100,000 women.  Nearly equal numbers of cases were reported among Hispanic and White women, although the rate was over seven times higher among Hispanic women.  Both the number of AIDS cases and the rate per 100,000 women were lowest among Asian/Pacific Islander and American Indian/Alaska Native women.</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>SLIDE THREE:  </B><B><U>AIDS Cases in Adult/Adolescent Women, Reported in 2000, and Estimated AIDS Incidence, Diagnosed in 2000 by Exposure Category, United States.</U></B><B>  AIDS cases are reported to CDC with risk exposure information available at the time of report.  However, in many cases the risk exposure is not yet identified and only becomes available after further epidemiological follow-up.  Based on historical patterns of risk distribution and reclassification, we can estimate the risk exposure for cases initially reported without risk information.  The pie on the left shows the distribution of exposure categories for cases diagnosed in 2000; the data depicted in the right pie are adjusted for delays in reporting and proportional redistribution of cases initially reported without risk information  As depicted in the pie on the right, over one-third of AIDS cases  in adult/adolescent women diagnosed in 2000 reported injection drug use as their exposure category  A majority of cases, 64% attributed their exposure to heterosexual contact. The other categories accounted for the remaining cases.  The pie on the right depicts the distribution of cases by exposure category more accurately than the pie on the left.</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>SLIDE FOUR: </B><B><U>Estimates of AIDS in Women, by Exposure Category, Diagnosed July 1999 through June 2000, United States.</U></B><B>  Overall, heterosexual transmission accounted for an estimated 62% of AIDS cases diagnosed among women between July 1999 and June 2000.  Seventeen percent of these women reported heterosexual contact with an injection drug user, and the other 45% reported sexual contact with men having unspecified or other risks, such as men who have sex with men and women.  Thirty-five percent of cases in women were attributed to injection drug use, and 2% to transfusions received prior to March 1985.  A proportion of cases is initially reported without an identified mode of exposure, as is common for recently reported cases.  After further follow-up, many cases are reclassified into the other exposure categories.  Data for this slide were adjusted for reporting delays and statistical adjustments based on historical patterns of reclassification were used to redistribute the cases initially reported without risk information.</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>SLIDE FIVE:  </B><B><U>Estimates of AIDS in Women, by Exposure Category and Age at Diagnosis, Diagnosed July 1999 through June 2000, United States.</U></B><B>  Recently reported AIDS cases among women are more likely to be initially reported without an identified risk exposure; however, many cases are eventually reclassified to an established mode of exposure.  For this slide, statistical adjustments are used to redistribute cases among the exposure categories based on historical patterns of reclassification.  The majority of women of all age groups reported heterosexual transmission as their mode of exposure.  Injection drug use was reported by 40% of women 30-49 year old, less commonly among women 20-29 years old and over 50 years of age, and least commonly among adolescent women 13-19 years old (15%).</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>SLIDE SIX:  </B><B><U>AIDS Rates per 1000,000 Women, Reported in 2000.</U></B><B>  Rates of reported cases of AIDS per 100,000 women are shown for each state, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, and Guam.  The highest rates are found in the east in Puerto Rico, New York, the Virgin Islands, Florida, and Maryland.  Rates are lower in the South and West, and lowest in the Midwestern states.  Every state reported some AIDS cases among women in 2000.  The high rate in the District of Columbia should be interpreted with caution as the District of Columbia is more similar to a city than a state.  Rates were calculated for states with fewer than 5 female AIDS cases reported in 2000.</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>SLIDE SEVEN:  </B><B><U>Women with AIDS Attributed to Injection Drug Use and Heterosexual Contact, by Region, through 2000, United States.</U></B><B>  Since the advent of antibody testing and screening of blood donations, the two principal modes of HIV exposure for women are injection drug use and sex with an HIV-infected partner.  Nearly 100,000 women have been diagnosed and reported with AIDS attributed to these modes of exposure.  AIDS in women is concentrated on the east cost, especially in the Northeast, and over half of the women reporting injection drug use reside in the Northeast.  More women report injection drug use than heterosexual contact in the Northeast, in contrast to the other regions.  In the Midwest and West, cases are nearly equally distributed between the two main risk exposures;  In the South, more women with AIDS report their exposure as heterosexual contact than injection drug use, and approximately 3 to 4 times more cases are reported from the South than from the Midwest and West.</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>SLIDE EIGHT:  </B><B><U>AIDS Rates per 100,000 Women, by Region and Race/Ethnicity, Reported in 2000, United States.</U></B><B>  AIDS rates for Black, White and Hispanic women are highest in the Northeast compared with the other regions of the United States.  Within each region, the rates among Black women are considerably higher than those among White  or Hispanic women.  Rates are 15 to 24 times higher among Black compared with White women.  Rates among Hispanic women are higher than among White women in each region most markedly in the Northeast.  Rates are not shown for Asian/Pacific Islander and American Indian/Alaska Native women because the low number of women reported with AIDS in 2000 of these race/ethnicities does not allow for stable rate calculations when stratified by region of residence.</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>SLIDE NINE:  </B><B><U>Women 15-44 Years Old Living with HIV Infection and AIDS, 2000.</U></B><B>  Over 45,000 women 15-44 years old were reported to be living with AIDS in the United States at the end of 2000.  These women are of childbearing age and in the years of highest fertility.  States with HIV case surveillance data are better able to target programs and services to these women to enhance efforts to further reduce transmission to their newborns.  AN additional 29,682 women of this age group were reported living with HIV infection from the 34 areas that conduct name-based confidential HIV infection surveillance of adults and adolescences.  The HIV numbers are underestimates of the true HIV infected population as they only include women who have been tested for HIV and reported to the state or local health departments that collect HIV infection case data.  A large number of HIV infected women reside in states that do not have HIV case surveillance, and undoubtedly there are many infected women who have not been tested.  In most states with HIV case surveillance, the number of infected women who have not developed AIDS exceeds the number of women with AIDS.  These numbers indicate the burden of HIV morbidity with respect to the medical and social services that are necessary for these women, currently and in the future.  In addition, this population should also be targeted to receive programs and services to reduce or prevent perinatal HIV transmission to their children.</B></div> <bR> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="http://capefearregionalbureauforcommunityactioninc.org/l264.pdf" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://capefearregionalbureauforcommunit"><U><IMG SRC="0aeab650.png" border=0 width="171" height="101" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></U></A></div> <div> <B>Click Camera for PDF CDC Slide Presentation on</B></div> <div> <B>AIDS Surveillance by Women 2000</B></div> <bR> <bR> <div> <A HREF="http://capefearregionalbureauforcommunityactioninc.org/l264.ppt" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://capefearregionalbureauforcommunit"><U><B><IMG SRC="0aeab650.png" border=0 width="171" height="101" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></B></U></A></div> <bR> <div> <B>Click Camera for PowerPoint CDC Slide Presentation on</B></div> <div> <B>AIDS Surveillance by Women 2000</B></div> <bR> <bR> <div>  <A NAME="presentation_five"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A><FONT SIZE="4" COLOR="#FF0033" FACE="Arial" ><I><B>PRESENTATION FIVE</B></I></FONT></div> <div> <B>AREAS REPORTING MOST CASES is a link to the CDC web page.  This site will provide you with the demographics relating to areas reporting the most cases.  </B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/stats.htm#areas" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/stats.htm#areas"><U><B><U>Click here to connect to the site.</U></B></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <div> <TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="1" CELLSPACING="1" WIDTH="506" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="#C0C0C0" BORDERCOLORDARK="#808080" FRAME="VOID" RULES="NONE" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" > <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER HEIGHT= 77 WIDTH="502"><div> <B> <A NAME="u_s__hiv_and_aids_cases_reported"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B><FONT SIZE="4" COLOR="#FF0033" FACE="arial" ><B>U.S. HIV and AIDS Cases Reported through December 2001</B></FONT></div> <div> <B>Year-end Edition Vol.13, No.2</B></div> </tD> </tR> </TABLE></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <B>CONTENTS</B></div> <div> <A HREF="http://capefearregionalbureauforcommunityactioninc.org/hasr1302.pdf" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://capefearregionalbureauforcommunit"><U><B><U><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b700f0ff000000.png" HEIGHT="16" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Click Here For U.S. HIV and AIDS Cases Reported</U></B></U></A><B><U> </U></B><A HREF="http://capefearregionalbureauforcommunityactioninc.org/hasr1302.pdf" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://capefearregionalbureauforcommunit"><U><B><U>through December 2002</U></B></U></A></div> <div> <B><U><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b700f0ff000000.png" HEIGHT="16" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Cover and Credits in PDF</U></B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B><U><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b700f0ff000000.png" HEIGHT="16" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Commentary</U></B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b700f000000000.png" HEIGHT="16" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Reports of HIV infection and AIDS cases:</B> </div> <div> <TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="1" CELLSPACING="1" WIDTH="627" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="#C0C0C0" BORDERCOLORDARK="#808080" FRAME="VOID" RULES="NONE" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" > <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 38 WIDTH="67"><div> <U>Table 1</U></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="553"><div> Persons reported to be living with HIV infection and with AIDS, by area and age group</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 19 WIDTH="67"><div> <U>Table 2</U></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> AIDS cases and annual rates per 100,000 population, by area and age group</div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 19 WIDTH="67"><div> <U>Table 3</U></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="553"><div> HIV infection cases, by area and age group</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 38 WIDTH="67"><div> <U>Table 4</U></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="553"><div> AIDS cases and annual rates per 100,000 population, by metropolitan area and age group</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 19 ><NOBR><div> <U>Figure 1</U></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> Male adult/adolescent AIDS annual rates per 100,000 population</div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 19 ><NOBR><div> <U>Figure 2</U></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> Female adult/adolescent AIDS annual rates per 100,000 population</div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 19 ><NOBR><div> <U>Figure 3</U></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="553"><div> Male adult/adolescent HIV infection and AIDS cases</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 19 ><NOBR><div> <U>Figure 4</U></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> Female adult/adolescent HIV infection and AIDS cases</div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 19 WIDTH="67"><div> <U>Table 5</U></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="553"><div> AIDS cases by age group, exposure category, and sex</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 19 WIDTH="67"><div> <U>Table 6</U></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> HIV infection cases by age group, exposure category, and sex</div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 19 WIDTH="67"><div> <U>Table 7</U></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> AIDS cases by sex, age at diagnosis, and race/ethnicity</div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 19 WIDTH="67"><div> <U>Table 8</U></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> HIV infection cases by sex, age at diagnosis, and race/ethnicity</div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 19 WIDTH="67"><div> <U>Table 9</U></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> Male adult/adolescent AIDS cases by exposure category and race/ethnicity</div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 38 ><NOBR><div> <U>Table 10</U></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="553"><div> Male adult/adolescent HIV infection cases by exposure category and race/ethnicity</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 19 ><NOBR><div> <U>Table 11</U></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> Female adult/adolescent AIDS cases by exposure category and race/ethnicity</div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 38 ><NOBR><div> <U>Table 12</U></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="553"><div> Female adult/adolescent HIV infection cases by exposure category and race/ethnicity</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 38 ><NOBR><div> <U>Table 13</U></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="553"><div> AIDS cases in adolescents and adults under age 25, by sex and exposure category</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 38 ><NOBR><div> <U>Table 14</U></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="553"><div> HIV infection cases in adolescents and adults under age 25, by sex and exposure category</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 19 ><NOBR><div> <U>Table 15</U></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> Pediatric AIDS cases by exposure category and race/ethnicity</div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 19 ><NOBR><div> <U>Table 16</U></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> Pediatric HIV infection cases by exposure category and race/ethnicity</div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 19 ><NOBR><div> <U>Figure 5</U></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="553"><div> Pediatric AIDS cases</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 19 ><NOBR><div> <U>Table 17</U></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> Adult/adolescent AIDS cases by single and multiple exposure categories</div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 38 ><NOBR><div> <U>Table 18</U></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="553"><div> AIDS cases and annual rates per 100,000 population, by race/ethnicity, age group, and sex</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 38 ><NOBR><div> <U>Table 19</U></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="553"><div> Adult/adolescent AIDS cases among Hispanics, by exposure category and place of birth</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 19 ><NOBR><div> <U>Table 20</U></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> Deaths in persons with AIDS, by race/ethnicity, age at death, and sex</div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 19 ><NOBR><div> <U>Table 21</U></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="553"><div> AIDS cases and deaths, by year and age group</div> </tD> </tR> </TABLE></div> <div> <B><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b700f000000000.png" HEIGHT="16" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">AIDS incidence, prevalence, and deaths, adjusted for unreported risk and delays in reporting AIDS incidence</B></div> <div> <TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="1" CELLSPACING="1" WIDTH="627" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="#C0C0C0" BORDERCOLORDARK="#808080" FRAME="VOID" RULES="NONE" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" > <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 38 ><NOBR><div> <U>Table 22</U></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="553"><div> Estimated male adult/adolescent AIDS incidence, by exposure category and race/ethnicity</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 38 ><NOBR><div> <U>Table 23</U></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="553"><div> Estimated female adult/adolescent AIDS incidence, by exposure category and race/ethnicity</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 38 ><NOBR><div> <U>Table 24</U></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="553"><div> Estimated AIDS incidence in adolescents and adults under age 25, by sex and exposure category</div> </tD> </tR> </TABLE></div> <div> <B>AIDS incidence trends</B> </div> <div> <TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="1" CELLSPACING="1" WIDTH="627" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="#C0C0C0" BORDERCOLORDARK="#808080" FRAME="VOID" RULES="NONE" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" > <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 19 ><NOBR><div> <U>Table 25 </U></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> Estimated AIDS incidence, by region of residence and year of diagnosis</div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 19 ><NOBR><div> <U>Table 26 </U></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> Estimated AIDS incidence, by race/ethnicity and year of diagnosis</div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 38 ><NOBR><div> <U>Table 27 </U></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="553"><div> Estimated male adult/adolescent AIDS incidence, by exposure category and year of diagnosis</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 19 ><NOBR><div> <U>Figure 6</U></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> Estimated pediatric AIDS incidence, by year of diagnosis</div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> </TABLE></div> <div> <B>Persons living with AIDS, trends</B></div> <div> <TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="1" CELLSPACING="1" WIDTH="627" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="#C0C0C0" BORDERCOLORDARK="#808080" FRAME="VOID" RULES="NONE" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" > <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 19 ><NOBR><div> <U>Table 28</U></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> Estimated persons living with AIDS, by region of residence and year</div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 19 ><NOBR><div> <U>Table 29</U></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> Estimated persons living with AIDS, by race/ethnicity and year</div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 38 ><NOBR><div> <U>Table 30</U></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="553"><div> Estimated persons living with AIDS, by age group, sex, exposure category, and year</div> </tD> </tR> </TABLE></div> <div> <B>Deaths of Persons with AIDS, trends</B></div> <div> <TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="1" CELLSPACING="1" WIDTH="627" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="#C0C0C0" BORDERCOLORDARK="#808080" FRAME="VOID" RULES="NONE" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" > <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 38 ><NOBR><div> <U>Table 31</U></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="553"><div> Estimated deaths of persons with AIDS, by region of residence and year of death</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 19 ><NOBR><div> <U>Table 32</U></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> Estimated deaths of persons with AIDS, by race/ethnicity and year of death</div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 38 ><NOBR><div> <U>Table 33</U></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="553"><div> Estimated deaths of persons with AIDS, by age group, sex, exposure category, and death</div> </tD> </tR> </TABLE></div> <div> <B><U><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b700f0ff000000.png" HEIGHT="16" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Technical Notes</U></B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <bR> </td> </tr></table></body>